Placentophagy Research

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PLACENTA ARTICLES AND RESEARCH

Placenta Examination and abnormalities:

https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/1998/0301/p1045.html

Human maternal placentophagy: a survey of self-reported motivations and experiences associated with placenta consumption

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03670244.2012.719356

Human placenta processed for encapsulation contains modest concentrations of 14 trace minerals and elements.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27440542

Compare levels of heavy metals with those found in common fruits and vegetables from this study: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9434655/

Presence and concentration of 17 hormones in human placenta processed for encapsulation and consumption.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27324105

Effects of Human Maternal Placentophagy on Maternal Postpartum Iron Status: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study

http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmwh.12549/full

Effects of Placentophagy on Maternal Salivary Hormones: A Pilot Trial

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29174274

Placentophagy's Effects on Mood, Bonding, and Fatigue: A Pilot Trial PT2

Young et al.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29174273

Placentophagy among women planning community births in the United States: Frequency, rationale, and associated neonatal outcomes.

Benyshek, et. al.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29722066

Human placentophagy: Effects of dehydration and steaming on hormones, metals and bacteria in placental tissue

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0143400418302339

Placenta – Worth Trying? Human Maternal Placentophagy: Possible Benefit and Potential Risks, et. al.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6138470/

Effects of placentophagy on serum prolactin and progesterone concentrations in rats after parturition or superovulation. Blank, et. al.

https://rep.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/rep/6...

UNLV Research

Selander, J., Cantor, A., Young, S. and Benyshek, D. (2013). Human Maternal Placentophagy: A Survey of Self-Reported Motivations and Experiences Associated with Placenta Consumption. Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 52(2), pp.93-115. https://doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2012.719356
Young, S., Gryder, L., David, W., Teng, Y., Gerstenberger, S., & Benyshek, D. (2016). Human placenta processed for encapsulation contains modest concentrations of 14 trace minerals and elements. Nutrition Research, 36(8), 872-878. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2016.04.005
Young, S., Gryder, L., Zava, D., Kimball, D., & Benyshek, D. (2016). Presence and concentration of 17 hormones in human placenta processed for encapsulation and consumption. Placenta, 43, 86-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2016.05.00
Gryder, L., Young, S., Zava, D., Norris, W., Cross, C., & Benyshek, D. (2017). Effects of Human Maternal Placentophagy on Maternal Postpartum Iron Status: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Study. Journal of Midwifery and Women's Health, 62(1), 68-79. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jmwh.12549/full
Young, S., Gryder, L., Cross, C., Zava, D., Kimball, D. and Benyshek, D. (2018). Effects of placentophagy on maternal salivary hormones: A pilot trial, part 1. Women and Birth, 31(4), pp.e245-e257. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.09.023
Young, S., Gryder, L., Cross, C., Zava, D., Kimball, D. and Benyshek, D. (2018). Placentophagy’s effects on mood, bonding, and fatigue: A pilot trial, part 2. Women and Birth, 31(4), pp.e258-e271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2017.11.004
Benyshek, D., Cheyney, M., Brown, J. and Bovbjerg, M. (2018). Placentophagy among women planning community births in the United States: Frequency, rationale, and associated neonatal outcomes. Birth. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12354

Jena University Research

Johnson, S., Groten, T., Pastuschek, J., Rödel, J., Sammer, U. and Markert, U. (2018). Human placentophagy: Effects of dehydration and steaming on hormones, metals and bacteria in placental tissue. Placenta, 67, pp.8-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2018.05.006
Johnson, Sophia K., et al. “Human Placentophagy: Effects of Dehydration and Steaming on Hormones, Metals and Bacteria in Placental Tissue.” Placenta, vol. 67, no. July, 2018, July 2018, pp. 8–14, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2018.05.006.

Hormones

Baby blues - postpartum depression attributed to low levels of corticotropin-releasing hormone after placenta is gone - Brief Article. (1995, December). Discover Magazine.
Hendrick, V., Altshuler, L., & Suri, R. (1998). Hormonal Changes in the Postpartum and Implications for Postpartum Depression. Psychosomatics, 39(2), 93-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0033-3182(98)71355-6
Magiakou, M. A., Mastorakos, G., Rabin, D., Dubbert, B., Gold, P. W., & Chrousos, G. P. (1996). Hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone suppression during the postpartum period: implications for the increase in psychiatric manifestations at this time. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 81(5), 1912-1917. http://dx.doi:10.1210/jcem.81.5.8626857

Lactation

Blank, M., & Friesen, H. (1980). Effects of placentophagy on serum prolactin and progesterone concentrations in rats after parturition or superovulation. Reproduction, 60(2), 273-278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jrf.0.0600273
Soykova-Pachnerova, E., Brutar, V., Golova, B., & Zvolska, E. (1954). Placenta as a Lactagogon. Gynaecologia; International monthly review of obstetrics and gynaecology, 138(6), 617-627
The Placenta as a Galactogogue. (1902). British Medical Journal, 1(2154), 909–917. Europepmc.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://europepmc.org/scanned?pageindex=1&articles=PMC2512108

Iron and Fatigue

Beard, J., Hendricks, M., Perez, E., Murray-Kolb, L., Berg, A., & Vernon-Feagans, L. et al. (2005). Maternal Iron Deficiency Anemia Affects Postpartum Emotions and Cognition. Journal of Nutrition, 135(2), 267-272. Jn.nutrition.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://jn.nutrition.org/content/135/2/267.full
Bodnar, L., Cogswell, M., & McDonald, T. (2005). Have we forgotten the significance of postpartum iron deficiency?. American Journal Of Obstetrics And Gynecology, 193(1), 36-44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.009
Bozoky, I., & Corwin, E. (2002). Fatigue as a Predictor of Postpartum Depression. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing, 31(4), 436-443. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.jognn.org/article/S0884-2175(15)33982-4/abstract
Corwin, E., Brownstead, J., Barton, N., Heckard, S., & Morin, K. (2005). The Impact of Fatigue on the Development of Postpartum Depression. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 34(5), 577-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884217505279997
Corwin, E., Brownstead, J., Barton, N., Heckard, S., & Morin, K. (2005). The Impact of Fatigue on the Development of Postpartum Depression. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 34(5), 577-586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0884217505279997
McCoy, B., Bleiler, R., & Ohlson, M. (1961). Iron Content of Intact Placentas and Cords. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 9(5), 613-615. Ajcn.nutrition.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://ajcn.nutrition.org/content/9/5/613.abstract
Verdon, F. (2003). Iron supplementation for unexplained fatigue in non-anaemic women: double blind randomised placebo controlled trial. BMJ, 326(7399), 1124-0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.326.7399.1124

Nutrition and Benefits

Phuapradit, W., et. al. (2000). Nutrients and hormones in heat dried human placenta. Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand, 83(6), 690-694. Retrieved 27 Oct 2017, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10932499
Schwering, T., Hoffman, M., Laudenslager, M., Kramer, A., Hankins, C., & Powell, T. (2017). 926: Placentophagy: comparison of plausible biologically active compounds that might support this practice. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 216(1), S527-S528. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(16)31814-2/fulltext

Toxins

Heavy Metal Concentration in Human Placenta from Southern Poland. (2010). Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment, 886-889. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.iaea.org/inis/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/41/131/41131312.pdf
Ronco, A., Arguello, G., Muñoz, L., Gras, N., & Llanos, M. (2005). Metals content in placentas from moderate cigarette consumers: correlation with newborn birth weight. Biometals, 18(3), 233-241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10534-005-0583-2

Opiods

Kristal, M. (1991). Enhancement of opioid-mediated analgesia: A solution to the enigma of placentophagia. Science Direct. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 15(3), 425-435. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0149763405800351?via%3Dihub
Kristal, M. (1998). Participation of placental opioid-enhancing factor in opioid-modulated events at parturition. Cogprints.org. Retrieved 27 October 2017, from http://cogprints.org/69/1/poef.html

Reviews and Opinions

Beacock, M. (2012). Does eating placenta offer postpartum health benefits?. British Journal Of Midwifery, 20(7), 464-469. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2012.20.7.464
Coyle, C., Hulse, K., Wisner, K., Driscoll, K., & Clark, C. (2015). Placentophagy: therapeutic miracle or myth?. Archives Of Women's Mental Health, 18(5), 673-680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00737-015-0538-8
Dickinson, E., Foss, K., & Kroløkke, C. (2016). Empowering Disgust: Redefining Alternative Postpartum Placenta Practices. Women's Studies In Communication, 40(1), 111-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07491409.2016.1247400
Hayes, E. (2016). Consumption of the Placenta in the Postpartum Period. Journal Of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 45(1), 78-89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jogn.2015.10.008
Joseph, R., Giovinazzo, M., & Brown, M. (2016). A Literature Review on the Practice of Placentophagia. Nursing For Women's Health, 20(5), 476-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2016.08.005
Kristal, M., DiPirro, J., & Thompson, A. (2012). Placentophagia in Humans and Nonhuman Mammals: Causes and Consequences. Ecology Of Food And Nutrition, 51(3), 177-197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03670244.2012.661325
Marraccini, M., & Gorman, K. (2015). Exploring Placentophagy in Humans: Problems and Recommendations. Journal Of Midwifery & Women's Health, 60(4), 371-379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.12309
Schuette, S., Brown, K., Cuthbert, D., Coyle, C., Wisner, K., & Hoffman, M. et al. (2017). Perspectives from Patients and Healthcare Providers on the Practice of Maternal Placentophagy. The Journal Of Alternative And Complementary Medicine, 23(1), 60-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2016.0147